1803

Alexander I reissues Catherine's manifesto - The manifesto renews the invitation to foreigners to settle New Russia. The Black Sea Germans respond to the invitation in great numbers. So many respond that, in 1804, a restrictive decree is issued that requires future immigrants to have families, possess at least 300 guilders worth of cash or goods, and be skilled in farming or handicrafts.

Alexander I (1777-1825)
Emperor of Russia (1801-1825)

The eldest son of Emperor Paul I, Alexander was born on December 12, 1777 and raised by his grandmother, Catherine II, who considered him her successor. He came to the throne in 1801 after the murder of Paul I. The young Emperor was extremely popular, following many of the successful policies of his grandmother. His reforms included a restructuting of the country and an attempt to codify Russian legislation.

• Alexander I dies on November 19, 1825.
• Robert Fulton propels a boat by steam power.
• Beethoven composes his "Kreuzer" Piano Sonata.
• Intervention of Napoleon leads to the reorganization of the German states.
• United States purchases French Louisiana.