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Abdullah & BERIVAN Ali
In the mid-seventies, under constant surveillance and with freedom threatened
as Kurds in Iran, Abdullah, Berivan and their 25 day-old son immigrated
to the United States with two suitcases of clothes. Abdullah, the only
one seventy-five immigrants who could speak English, requested to come
to North Dakota where the climate was similar to their homeland in Kurdistan.
Abdullah and Berivan agree that while they found no mountains in North
Dakota, they found hearts bigger than mountains. From day one until no-for
over 25 years-they have felt a part of the community in Bismarck/Mandan
and are among good friends. Their son Cameron and his wife recently moved
to Colorado and their daughter Tara, a North Dakota native, lives in Moorhead.
The family visits Fargo often to see Tara and to visit friends in the
Kurdish community.
Q: Tell me about how you happened to come to this country, where you're
from, and how you came here.
ABDULLAH: We're from Kurdistan, Iraq, the northern part of Iraq,
and Kurdistan of course is a country that is divided among four different
countries -- Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Syria, and we're from the part that
belongs to Iraq.
Q: And that happened in World War I?
ABDULLAH: After World War I, yeah. That was divided at that time.
You know the Kurds are the largest of the group in the world without a
country. We're about over 25 million people and no country. And after
that we were supposed to have a country too but then it didn't happen.
Q: And what happened in Iraq that... first of all tell me about what
life was like in Iraq as a Kurd?
ABDULLAH: Well life was... I mean it was okay before the Kurds.
I mean the Iraqi Kurds were the only Kurds probably were able to speak
their own language. I'm mean in Turkey they were forbidden till after
Gulf war they allow them to speak Kurdish at their homes or I mean outside
their homes. But in Iraq we were able to speak Kurdish at home all the
time. The only thing wasn't allowed at that time you know having publications
in Kurdish. That was kind of forbidden. But again we still have some,
and Kurds I think probably only group in the world that still can speak
their own language and read and write their own language although we were
forbidden from doing that especially reading and writing. We... I myself
I, we all do you know. Probably mine is not as good as Arabic but still
read and write you know, and I can give you an example -- after they got
their independence from France in '62. They couldn't speak Arabic so they
had to bring teachers from the Arab countries to teach them how to speak
their own language. And it was only for 100 years you know they were under
the control of the French. But the Kurds still do that. Doesn't matter
where they live, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, whatever.
Q: Yeah. So how did you happen to come here? What happened?
ABDULLAH: Well we were part of the Kurdish distribution. I joined
the Kurdish distribution March 11 of 1974 when the fighting between the
Iraqi government and the Kurds started after four years of peace treaty.
That last four years so, and then after that our Kurdish distribution
was stopped for some political reasons so what happened to us we end up
in Iran, across the border so we were in Iran for about two years. And
we didn't like it there because we considered ourselves as freedom fighters,
and we were in a country that there was no freedom there. Especially for
us there was no freedom at all. I'm mean you couldn't talk about politics.
You couldn't... you couldn't do much really. I mean we were watched all
the time you know. And now I will give you an example. After they moved
us from the Kurdish area in Iran to other parts of Iran, they thought
probably we were bad influence of the Iraqi Iranian Kurds so we had to,
they had to take us to different parts of Iran. And at that time I...
we were just two of us there you know in a small town. And BERIVAN was pregnant
at that time, and I had to get the permission from the secret police which
was very powerful force in that country. They gave me the permission to
take my wife to her parents who lived in Tehran at the time till after
my son was born. But then they found out that I did that so they called
me to the police station one day, and they said well you know you have
to go bring your wife back right away so how can I do that, she just had
a baby. They said we have, that's your problem. You have to do it. But
anyway they gave me a letter. They said well take it to an office which
is a few miles away from the police station. And I went over there and
tried to find somebody to listen to me or take that letter from me you
know and nobody did. Finally somebody saw me there for awhile. They said
you know what do you need? I said well I have this letter. He said what's
that? Well I give it to him. He read it. He said do you know... do you
know what this letter says? I said no. He said it says we have to put
you in jail. I said why? He said because you when to Tehran. Isn't Tehran
part of Iran? That's what he was asking me. I said well ask the guy who
wrote the letter. So that's,... but by then I didn't know whether my son
was war or not so I used to get on the bus about for 10 hours you know
on the bus...
BERIVAN: Thursday.
ABDULLAH: Thursday evening, on the bus all night long, get there
Friday. And I went there, here my son was born a few days ago, and I didn't
know anything about it. So I get on the bus again at night, Friday night,
so I can make it back to where I was in Iran in the morning of Saturday
morning so they don't know that. So that's how it happened then. Finally
one day I went there, and they said well you get ready, you're leaving
to United States...cause I, they c alled my name without me knowing. Of
course I was glad that time because we had no choice. I'm mean we had
to get out of that country.
Q: So they made the decision for you that you were coming?
ABDULLAH: Well our friends did. Our friends...
BERIVAN: And my father also.
ABDULLAH: We had some friends did that for us. But you know after
that, well I did I got on the bus again. I took BERIVAN's brother with me,
and we went there and put some clothes in two suitcases, and we came back
and left everything behind there.
Q: So you came here with nothing?
ABDULLAH: Nothing yeah.
BERIVAN: Two suitcases.
Q: Two suitcases and a baby boy.
BERIVAN: A baby boy.
ABDULLAH: Carrying him in a basket.
Q: Is that right?
BERIVAN: Uh huh.
ABDULLAH: Yeah he was 25 days old when we left. And of course
even leaving Iran at that time wasn't that easy either. You know we had
problem leaving there because we were about 28 people, came from all over
Iran without telling anybody that they are going to Tehran to leave. So
all of a sudden they had some plane tickets from Iranian airline for us.
When the time came, we had only three days to leave Iran. After that we
couldn't leave. So they said there are no tickets for you, no room for
you we were kind of in trouble. What are we going to do? Go back to where
we came from and get in bigger trouble now. But then the U.S. Embassy
there in Tehran and then United Nations Embassy tried their best. They
found... they sent us a plane from Germany, and we're supposed to leave
Tehran about 2, about noon, and then we didn't get, they didn't let us
even inside the airport till about 11:00. You know by then we left...
we ended up in Germany in the morning so, and we didn't know how. They
were telling us when after we got there, the admission that they wouldn't
allow us, allow the plane to go over... they couldn't go over Iraq because
they might bring the plane down. Turkey wouldn't allow the plane go over
there because the Kurds were on that plane. So I don't know how, but we
end up in Germany, in Frankfurt, so we know it was the end of it.
Q: Now tell me about when you decided to come to North Dakota?
ABDULLAH: Well, after we came to Germany, we were there for about
a week.
BERIVAN: Ten days.
ABDULLAH: Ten days or a week or ten days. They did all the paperwork
there, and I was the only one who could speak English so I had to translate
for everybody.
BERIVAN: Seventy-five people.
ABDULLAH: And then after that... of course they had another group
before was there too. They had a building that belonged to the American
Embassy there. They had a group before us, and then it was us so we were
about 70 some people there. So I had to translate for all of them, do
all the paperwork you know. We got there about 3:00 in the morning. Seven
o'clock they woke us up. They said get ready, you're going to Frankfurt.
We were kind of outside Frankfurt so we were there till, all day that
day. That was in June of '76. It was hot day, and so we were there for
about...
BERIVAN: Five, five in the evening.
ABDULLAH: Yeah. I mean it was a week or ten days, something like
that.
BERIVAN: We were there for 10 days.
ABDULLAH: And then after that they send us to New York, and from
New York they decided to send us all over, I been to Texas, I refused
California, I refused all these other places. I said I want to go to North
Dakota. They say well you know we can't find any sponsors for you in North
Dakota because they just had a large group of Kurds there before you.
So I said well, I said no. I just want North Dakota. And finally... we
were tired. We were there are about a month you know living in a hotel
and all that. And finally they said well, well they said you know how
about Colorado you know? I said fine. If there is nothing in North Dakota,
we're ready to go to Colorado. So we came... next day we went over to
the office again, and they said well get ready, you're going to Bismarck,
North Dakota. And the reason was because I chose North Dakota because
we live in a climate kind of similar to North Dakota. We get a lot of
snow. We live in the mountains, and people in that region think the Kurds
are very tough because they live in this kind of climate. And we thought
well you know having a lot of snow in North Dakota, being that cold, has
to be a lot of mountains. So that was the reason we came here, and then
well we came and we look around. There are no mountains. But I have said
many times, and I say it again that we couldn't find mountains in North
Dakota, but we found hearts bigger than the mountains, and I mean that.
BERIVAN: That's true.
Q: What about your experience here? You said you have hearts bigger
than mountains. It's been a good one?
ABDULLAH: Very good one. I mean we feel we're among family and
friends. I'm mean we're part of the community from day one till now. And
we had good friends, and we still do. The people we associate with the
first time we came to North Dakota, they are our friends or family and
everything. We still associate with each other and do things together,
and they are family. We are all family.
Q: How about you BERIVAN? How do you feel about your life here?
BERIVAN: You know when I first came, my husband, my son 25 days
old. My brother was 16 years old. Excuse me. My sister and her husband
they were newlyweds. Before we left my father said you have all these
people under your wings. You will be the mother, the sister, the father,
the aunt, everybody. You are there for every one of them. And I was only
20 years old when I came. And I thought okay, Dad gave me this responsibility.
I better... you know you have to obey what they tell you. So we came here,
and we were the luckiest people to have... I can mention their name, Kenny
and Donna Rothler. You know they opened their home and their heart to
us. We were with them for about a week. And they found an apartment for
us. And they helped us in every way you can imagine. Not just them really,
I you know I mention them because we were with them the whole time. We
had four other families that helped, that came almost every day. They
talked to us you know. Abdullah would be gone in the daytime. I have no
idea how to speak English except for the necessity words, and if the question
would have been day yes answer, I would have said no. And even now we
sit and talk about it, and they just laugh. It's like how did you even
manage? And I thought well you know you grow up learning things, and when
I came here, I thought okay I'm an infant too you know. I'm learning as
I go by day by day but. And I love them to pieces. I really do. They are
such neat people. We have made... I think half of Mandan and Bismarck
most of them, they know who we are. I've made so many friends. One year
for the Fourth of July parade... we belong to the international club.
One year, the first year we were in every two step I took, it was everybody
Hi BERIVAN. Abdullah said you know I think we need to leave from this town
so you can make new friends somewhere else. (laughter) But the experience
here it's been wonderful. I love being here. I'm so glad my kids have
been raised in this country, in this state, in this town especially. They
all know who Cameron and Tara are. It's not just because they are from
a different country because they are. Tara was born here you know, but
Cameron was born in Iran. They have so many friends, and I have had all
of their friends come over and stay over. They come over, Mrs. Ali, do
you have rice? I don't know what it is about my rice, but everybody likes
it. I don't know. They go to the fridge. They open the fridge. They help
themselves. They eat. They stay over. I was like a second mom to them.
If they need a haircut, they come and ask me. Honey go ask your mom. But
you can tell us. I've helped a lot of their friends. I've been around
for them. And our faith you know, we're Moslem. I do fast. You know well
we both do. Abdullah couldn't do it in the past because of his heart condition;
well now he can. He can do that for 30 days from sunup to sundown. No
food, no drink in the mouth from sunup until sundown. Then we do our prayers
five times a day. I read the Koran, and I have two of them in the house
-- one of them is English Arabic which both of the kids have read that.
In fact I just last weekend, or the weekend before, my daughter came home,
and I saw her take the book with her. She didn't even ask me. She just
grabbed it and took it, and now she has it. She's going to read it again
which is... you always teach your kids who you are. You preach to them.
Let them know how much you love them and what their faith is all about.
And you know no matter where you go, your faith will be with you, no matter
where you are.
Q: And how do you keep you faith alive and your culture alive here
in this country?
BERIVAN: Ah, really you just. It's so hard for me to sit down and
talk to other friends about my religion because some of them do not understand
what Islam is all about. Seriously they don't know. But we try to tell
them what it is about you know. There are so many questions that I can't
even answer. I don't know everything. I don't think we all know everything,
but we try our best. You know you just tell them what it is all about,
why do we do this. I don't know. What do you think?
Q: You also get together with other...
ABDULLAH: Yeah we do.
BERIVAN: There are other Moslem people here right.
ABDULLAH: We like for the Moslem holidays and things like that,
occasions we get together, we pray together, we eat together. And that's
something good now because for years we didn't have too any -- just us
and another family here.
BERIVAN: Just the two of us.
ABDULLAH: But now we have too many other families, Moslem families,
so we can do a lot of things together. I wish we had those families here
when the kids were small, probably they could have learned a lot more
at that time too, to be you know involved with that directly. But again
you know as far as a part of the culture, I don't think that we can lose
it. The thing is we're here because we believed in something so strongly
that we sacrificed our lives and families for, and I don't think we forget
it. I mean doesn't matter till we live we still struggle for our country
to do something, to be something, and so that's something we never forget.
I mean Kurdish, being a Kurd, we were very proud of that. I mean a lot
of times say well you know I had a good life there, I had a family, I
had this, and I left everything behind probably. Why did I do that? No.
I am so proud that I think, and the thing I have said many times that
we're still, we're lucky that we're still live. A lot of our friends weren't
that lucky you know. They lost their lives fighting for what we believed
was right. So yes, we're not going to forget that I think. I mean, I mean
I'm the same person who came here 25, 25 years ago. I'm still the same
person. I adopted a new society, but I won't forget my past or I won't
forget my tradition or I won't forget the things I believed in, but of
course you have to adopt a new society too you know. And would not that
hard-core thing that we do that to things that fast. No, we do.
BERIVAN: We're very open-minded about...
ABDULLAH: And so we're open-minded and...
BERIVAN: Other religions, other cultures.
ABDULLAH: I mean people. We have a lot of people, and it's not
an issue between us and them you know. I mean we're friends. That's all
it is. You have your religion, I have my religion. It's not an issue at
all. So they respect my religion, I respect their religion you know. I
mean we're the people here, I mean being part of this society, we just
do what other people do. I mean as far as Christmas goes, our kids always
had a tree when they... because I never wanted them to feel different
than the other people, the other kids. They always had presents just like
any other kids. A lot of times they had even more because when they don't
grandpas, grandma's, aunts and uncles, and you know having... we had to
buy all that for them making more and more under their tree so they know
you know just like their friends. Kids are kids you know. They just don't
understand these kind of things. That's what we did, and we are still
doing the same thing. And being part of the society, I think you have
to... I think it comes to us I guess you have to do it. You know I've
said it many times that you have to make the first step. If you wait in
your corner, I think you'll be staying there for a long time waiting for
somebody else to make the move. It might not happen, but you have to make
the move.
BERIVAN: That's right.
ABDULLAH: You know when we moved to Mandan, we were just... we
were here for about three years and moved to Mandan after we bought a
little house there. Neighbors were therefore a long time, probably they
know each other from across the street saying hi to each other, but after
we got there, we got together for Christmas, we got together... we had
a good fisherman there. He would catch the fish, and I would bake it you
know so we have potlucks, and we did all these things. And we're still
part of that neighborhood. We've been here but we still... we're still
part of that neighborhood. We came here the same way. Neighbor across
the street here you know he came and helped me with painting the house
you know inside because at that time I had some health problems. And so
somebody, I just moved to the neighborhood, he comes and paints the walls,
the ceilings are too high for me you know, he would come.
BERIVAN: And that tells you that there are hearts bigger than mountains.
ABDULLAH: Of course that's what I mean by when I say that. And
then I have neighbor on the other side you know, trees need to be trimmed
or cut down, they will come and do that for me. I mean I don't pay them,
they... you know. I mean that's the way it is. That's how I grew up. I
see the same thing here too. If they need help, I'll do the same thing
for them too. But this is really... I mean it's amazing. But as I said,
you have to make the step too you know. Twice down at my corner I'll be
standing there for long, long time.
Q: You do keep contact with other Kurds though right?
ABDULLAH: Oh sure.
BERIVAN: Definitely.
Q: Tell me about that you go to Fargo and celebrate?
ABDULLAH: We go to Fargo a lot. I mean we visit, and with our
culture you know we go visit, and we don't stay in hotels because if you
do, boy we be in big trouble. We don't care do that you know. They don't
dare to do the same thing if they come here, go to the hotel you know.
It doesn't matter how much room you have, you have to all share that you
know stay together. And the problem that we have you know, when you go
to Fargo or any other place where there are a lot of Kurds, you have to
gain about 10 pounds by the time you get back because everybody is one
for breakfast, one for lunch, one for supper, and that goes on and on
you know. If you don't go to somebody's house and they get upset you know
so you have to satisfy everybody. That's... no, we keep in contact, and
actually March 31st is our New Year, is Kurdish New Year. It's called
New Roz and we usually celebrate that you know by having dances and music
and all that, and not having enough people in Bismarck we usually... sometimes
we do it. With the international club, if you did it a few times, we called
it Kurdish nights. We did that in the past, but we usually go to Fargo
or some other bigger cities, but for us Fargo is the closest that we can
go and share that with our friends, and they will have one next month
too.
Q: What sort of Kurdish traditions do you like to keep alive? You
know we absolutely do this or we make this or we...
BERIVAN: The language you know. I stress, Abdullah and I really,
to the kids you have got to speak your language. The reason is because
there were so many Germans that came here, the children or the great grandchildren,
do not know how to speak their language, and that's what I see you know.
Keep your language. Keep your tradition. What mom taught me, I'm teaching
you. Keep it going. Don't lose it.
ABDULLAH: Respect the elder (BERIVAN: Right.) you know. That's really
very, very important in our society. You have to respect... somebody older
than you, you have to respect that person. I mean you respect everybody,
but as far as in our tradition, we don't call anybody by their first name
you know. I mean I talk to somebody my age, even younger than me, I never
call that person by his first name. You know brother so and so, that's
the way we're used to, Aunt so and. That's the way we... old traditions
like that. So that's what we teach our kids to have that respect, and
other things... and other things that we believe in, a lot of different
things that we believe in. Of course you could modify it too, but we tell
them a lot of different things that we grew up with, and hopefully they
will keep it. It's kind of hard though. I mean it's not that easy you
know growing up with this society, but we're lucky. I think our kids are
kind of keeping that tradition up.
Q: Did your kids... you know you said you worked hard to have them
not feel different. Did they feel different sometimes?
BERIVAN: Not at all. Not at all. You know I've talked to Cameron
and Tara too. I think... another person came in here. 0h Karen Herzog
came and interviewed us also for the faith around the world, and Cameron
was here. She asked him that question, and he said not really you know.
I was among friends that the way they were I was you know. I am no different
than they are. And it's true. He's no different than any other child around
here.
Q: Did you two face any sort of discrimination?
BERIVAN: Not at all. ABDULLAH: Not really (together).
ABDULLAH: I mean... a lot of people talk about it, but I can say
that honestly that I have never.
BERIVAN: Not at all.
ABDULLAH: I have never faced anything like that. I missed nothing
in front of me. I mean we have never seen that.
BERIVAN: Right.
ABDULLAH: And I can say that.
BERIVAN: Not at all. I mean we... people have been very, very thoughtful
about where we come from. Sure there are so many questions, and they feel
guilty asking. Please don't feel guilty. Ask, that's how you learn. If
you don't ask, you're just going to sit there and look at each other.
Well we're not going to know anything about each other.
Q: Why did you become involved in the international club?
BERIVAN: Oh, learning about each other's culture. That is so important.
It's so fun, and it's good for the kids. One night... no, it was around,
something we did for Lutheran Social Services that was for... what was
it? That be a C that we did.
ABDULLAH: Oh, that was for Refugee Awareness Week I think _____________
like that.
BERIVAN: We had people from all over the world you know like Kurdistan,
India, Spanish people. We had the Ukrainian come from Dickinson and do
a dance. The Russians, the Armenian, the oh Malaysia, Indonesia, from
all over. I can name countries one after another -- India, Native Americans.
We all did a very, very nice night that night. That be a C. And then afterwards
some of us got together just for coffee. We were sitting and talking and
then ________________ said why don't we get together once a month, and
then word-of-mouth we can tell each other, and we can start something
like what do you call it international club. And we thought that is a
great idea, why not. We'll do a potluck once a month, and we'll just go
wherever there is opening in a church basement. We can do that. Well,
McCade Methodist Church, bless their heart, they opened their you know
church for us, and we meet downstairs in the fellowship hall. We meet
once a month to do, just to get to know each other. We've done fund-raiser.
We've done... which is always in April or beginning of May. We just do
that and learn about each other's culture and religion.
ABDULLAH: You know, the club stresses that... really people and
cultures together. That's what our mission is. And then we're doing that
right now. I mean we have people from, basically from different countries
and from different cultures, and we have a lot of people from Bismarck.
I mean most of the people that we have members are from Bismarck here
too so, but that's what the thing is bringing people and cultures together,
and we're doing that. It's very important to have in this because I think
North Dakota we're not really exposed too much to the outside. It's changing
right now, but I mean it wasn't like that so that __________ can do a
lot to make people aware of other cultures, that there are other people.
And you know I think I mentioned that before that I read in the paper
that Kurdish language is the second spoken language in Fargo, North Dakota.
I mean how do you... it's hard to believe, but that's the way it is you
know. So things are changing. I mean it's not... I mean you get different
cultures, different people from different backgrounds come to the state
now, and that's good for the state and for the country also. Why you ask
is America so great? Because they have people and minds from all different
countries in the world you know, so that's why we're so great. I mean
you have everybody's mind in there. So that's...
Q: A big melting pot.
ABDULLAH: Exactly.
BERIVAN: That's right. And how beautiful it is to set and you know
you're speaking the same language. You know we all speak the English language
here now, but yet when I turn to my husband, I'll speak to him in Kurdish;
when the other person turns to her husband will speak in their language,
and it's like wow look at us. We can always speak the English language,
but yet we always carry on a different language with each other.
Q: Do you speak to each other in Kurdish?
BERIVAN: Definitely.
Q: All the time?
BERIVAN: All the time.
BERIVAN: Not, well sometimes we put English in there.
ABDULLAH: Well yeah we do but.
BERIVAN: We kind of tease each other you know, and we put the English
language in. And then when the kids come, we speak to them in Kurdish,
and they return in English, especially Tara our daughter you know, she's
shy.
ABDULLAH: Tara is shy.
BERIVAN: Cameron speaks it.
ABDULLAH: They think they make mistakes and things like that.
BERIVAN: And now that Cameron is married, and his wife is American,
he's teaching her through the Internet to learn how to say a few words
in Kurdish, but when she comes here, okay Sarah, you have to tell Mom
and Dad what you learned. No, no she says. She's too shy. She won't say
it.
Q: Is it a difficult language?
BERIVAN: Yes it is. It really is. You know I was teaching our friend
Karen and Duane's daughter, Emily. I was teaching her how to say the numbers.
And she looked at me and she repeated it right after me. And I wish I
could keep up with her because I really would like her to learn another
one. I know she can speak, she can say a few things in French too because
her mom teaches her that. But see the Kurdish language we have three different
dialects. I speak different dialect than Abdullah does. Abdullah speaks
different dialect than a friend of ours that lives here in Bismarck.
Q: Big differences between them?
BERIVAN: Not really but yet yes you would know when they speak it.
Big difference mine and theirs.
Q: Are they different tribes? You had mentioned tribes.
ABDULLAH: Well they are different tribes. Well tribes you know
of course...
Q: What's the definition of a tribe?
ABDULLAH: Well it used to be, not anymore really. I mean they
have tribes... it's kind of changing right now though I mean, but these
hostile tribes, a group of people. One person is leader of that group
you know, and then the other tradition that the tribes they had all the
people... they're talking about nomads you know. Kurds were nomads in
like in the mountains, and that tradition that we had, it was a beautiful,
beautiful tradition which I don't think we have it anymore... well I think
they still do. What happens a lot of times in the summertime the people
usually own a lot of sheep and cattle and goats and all that. And they
live in the mountains where the grass is green, and the water is cold
and a lot of snow. I mean it's kind of nice so they take all their animals
over to the area in the summertime, I mean in the wintertime they go to
the southern part away from the mountains because then they rent a piece
of land there for the cattle. So they live in tents, and that's what their
life is they sell butter and things like that and meat or wool or things
like that so what they traditionally had in the mountains was a problem
at this time of the year, this time because some of the mountains we have
only one road, you know the side of the mountain, enough for two cars,
and also you have thousands of sheep and all that. And the tradition was
they dressed the most beautiful girl they have in the family with the
most beautiful dresses and all that, and she would ride the best horse
they have. So she would lead the whole group in front of everybody. The
men walk. The women sometimes walk, carry something, or some of them will
ride the horses and stuff and they go. And all of a sudden traffic is
stopped for hours till all the sheep move from the area till there is
enough spot for the cars to go through. And that's a tradition we had,
and I don't know if they still have that or not. So things are changing
after the war and all that and what happened between the Kurds and the
Iraqi government.
BERIVAN: And we both left the country since 1974 so we really don't
know what's happening there, what's going on.
Q: And you never been back.
BERIVAN: We've never been back.
Q: It makes you sad?
BERIVAN: It's really hard. You know it does. We left family -- cousins,
uncles, nephews and nieces that we have never seen, and you know they're
grown-up now. They have their own families. We don't even know them.
ABDULLAH: I don't know I mentioned the other day when we were
talking on the phone. After you know the end of the Kurdish revolution,
we ended up Iran, and then all of a sudden my mother was late '50s or
so, and she had a problem with rheumatism and all that. And then one day
I was... my nephew was looking for me, and he found me. He said Grandma
is here. How could she be there? So I went to my brother's house. Here
she was. They didn't know where they were going, with another old lady,
came all the way across the mountains in March, across the mountains went
to Iran somehow, and they ended up in a small town, and then they asked
for us, and luckily that my brother was living in that town. So they took
her there, and I went there, and she said well I'm here to take you home.
I said well you know, you're my mother. If you want me to come home with
you, I'm ready to come home with you, but do you know would you accept
it if they jailed me or killed me, whatever, you know what's going to
happen. She said yeah I know. Well I said well you stay with me you know
here... how about the house, how about this. I said this is not important.
You know you're here, you stay with me. She said no. I said well you know
(coughing--unintelligible) might see me next year, might see me five years
from now, 20 years or never you know; it turned out to be never because
she passed away about 10 years ago...
BERIVAN: 1980.
ABDULLAH: Was that 80s... somewhere, she passed away a long time
ago so it happened to be never. So, so it's kind of hard you know, and
a lot of times I say even death is easier when you're with a family you
know, but when something like that happens and you can't go back, that's
the hardest part of it you know. But that's the way it is when you sacrifice
something you know you pay for it, and as I said we're proud of it too.
Whatever we did we are proud of it.
Q: But you can't expect to not pay for it I guess.
ABDULLAH: Exactly.
BERIVAN: That's right.
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